I am into a lot of different crafts, once I learned the basics I started to teach myself other crafts...Basket weaving was one of them...
Now we know that there are jokes about 'basket weaving' but it is one of the oldest crafting forms sine the dawn of man... Each community would have their special patterns and use the materials that are found locally...Pine needles, grasses, vines, woods, bark, etc. Using leaves, roots, flowers, etc to even dye those baskets...
See the quick Wiki-
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketry
Since I have started to learn basket weaving I have learned about a couple of sites that I use regularly...one being The Basket Makers Catalog, they have an online source for materials, tools, and books plus free patterns...
I have decided to make an article about a Williamsburg style basket...since I have made one. It uses a handle that is pre-formed, flat on the bottom and wide in the middle, sort of like a circle that is been flattened on the bottom... This gives the basket a wider top with the sides sloping outward as you progress up from the bottom... It is perfect for those trips to the market. In fact I have used mine while visiting our local Farmers Markets. I think I want to make a bigger one though...or carry two baskets...I haven't decided yet...
For more about Williamsburg visit...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia
Here is a fascinating glimpse into basket making during the colonial days...With a slide show of the steps involved in years past...this is not the simple craft we have today...this was work...
http://www.history.org/foundation/journal/Spring06/basketmaking.cfm
http://www.history.org/foundation/journal/Spring06/basketmaker_slideshow/
Williamsburg Basket
Pattern Guidelines by Beth Hester
Can also be found with links for 'ordering' supplies if you don't have them, at-
http://www.basketmakerscatalog.com/mfiles/4hwilliamsburgbasket.mv
The Basket Maker's Catalog is again privileged to teach a group of Allen County Kentucky 4-Hers. This summer's 4-H Basket Project is the Williamsburg Basket, made with a medium-sized Williamsburg 'D' Handle; it's accented with 3 rows of green (the official 4-H color). To find out more about 4-H, a community of 6 million young people across America learning leadership, citizenship and life skills, visit www.4-h.org.
Base: 5" x 5"
Height: 11.5" (with handle)
Diameter: 10"
Materials/Supplies:
Description Quantity Basket Part
5/8" Flat Reed 50ft Stakes & Weavers
1/4 " Moss Green Flat Dyed Reed 6 ft. Weavers
5/8" Green Flat Dyed Reed 3 ft. Weaver
3/8" Flat 3 ft. Weaver
Medium Williamsburg 1 Handle (5" x 11.5")
1/2" Flat Oval 6 ft. Rims
#3 Seagrass 3 ft. Rim Filler
1/4" Flat 8 ft. Lashing
Hints in working with Reed
1. When the pattern calls for soaking your flat reed, soaking 1 or 2 minutes in warm water is usually long enough to make reed flexible; seagrass needs only to be spritzed. Soak the Flat Oval Reed for 5 to 10 minutes in hot water. If reed becomes dry while you are weaving, dip it in water for a few seconds.
2. Soak natural reed and dyed reed in separate containers. Rinse dyed reed well & wipe before using.
3. Do not over soak your reed, it will become mushy.
4. Flat reed has a smooth side and a rough side. You can determine the rough side by sharply bending a wet piece of reed in half. The rough side will usually fray or splinter more than the smooth side.
5. Keep your weaving even as you make your basket. Leave no space between the rows on the sides.
6. As you weave, gently pull on the stakes, leaning them outward and allowing the basket to open into a round 10" diameter at the top.
7. Reed should be completely dry before being stored.
Weaving the Base-
Using a pencil, mark the inside center of the handle's base length.
Cut 9 stakes 24" long from 5/8" Flat Reed (heaviest weight). Soak all the stakes. Mark two stakes in the center on the rough side of the reed with a pencil. Place a twist-tie around the center of another stake and lay this stake rough side up on top of the handle at a 90° angle, aligning the handle mark and twist-tie. NOTE: The twist-tie identifies the center of the base. All stakes will be woven rough side up and placed about 3/8" apart.
Place one marked stake to each side of the twist-tied stake, hiding the center marks under the handle. Next, weave 1 stake on each side of the handle--parallel to the handle--weaving over the center stake and under the other 2 stakes. Adjust these stakes so they are centered with 3/8" space between.
See Photo 1. "Williamsburg Basket"
Weave another stake parallel to each side of the handle.
The two final stakes continue the alternating over one, under one pattern and are woven across the handle's base. Adjust base to measure 5" x 5" and secure corners of base with clothespins.
See Photo 2. "Williamsburg Basket"
Stakes will extend about 9.5" from the edge of the base on all sides. Re-wet the stakes at the perimeter of the base and upset the basket by creasing each stake upward.
Use the most flexible weaver you can find for the first 2 rows of weaving. Push the stakes outward while weaving the first 2 rows; you are working toward an open / rounded shape. Pull stakes outward as you weave to create the "Williamsburg" shape. Overlap the beginning and ending of each row across 4 stakes. Weave the sides in plain weave (rough side to the inside) as follows:
Rows 1 - 6 5/8" Flat
Row 7 1/4" Dyed Reed
Row 8 5/8" Dyed Reed
Row 9 1/4" Dyed Reed
Row 10 - 11 5/8" Flat
Row 12 3/8" Flat
Soak or spray stakes that extend above the top row. Pack rows. Crease, trim to length, then tuck each stake where the top 3/8" row of weaver is on the inside of the basket. Hide each tucked end behind a row of 5/8" Flat Reed on the inside of your basket.
Cut all remaining stakes flush with the top of the basket. See Fig. 1. Williamsburg Basket
Sand the 1/2" Flat Oval if desired, then soak. Determine the rim lengths, allowing about a 4" overlap. Mark and carve the overlap.
Attach rims and #3 Seagrass rim filler to the basket with cable ties.
Using 1/4" Flat Reed, single lash the rims to the basket (creating an interwoven backstitch at the handles if desired). See photo of completed basket.
Sand the handle. Sign and date your basket. Enjoy!
From me-in addition to those final steps I usually coat the baskets with a layer or two of 'varnish'...this protects the basket and gives it a harder sturdier finish...
Also here is the link to the Basket Makers Catalog
http://www.basketmakerscatalog.com/index.shtml
Thanks for taking the time to read this, I sure hope you take the time to make a basket yourself...its easy and its fun, and you get something useful when your finished...
Enjoy. D
PS. Yes, those 3 smaller pictures of the Williamsburg basket is one I made...